Thursday, May 19, 2016

The Corruption behind NAFTA!

How many people remember the phrase "giant sucking sound"? 

It gained notoriety when Ross Perot used it during a 1992 presidential debate  
to criticize the North American Free Trade Agreement, NAFTA, that he said  
would "suck" American jobs to Mexico.  He warned NAFTA would send jobs 
overseas where labor costs cheaper than here.
A.  NAFTA was the capstone, an effort begun in the early 1980s by a group
of U.S.-educated economists and business people who took over the ruling
Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) to build a privatized, deregulated 
and globalized Mexican economy. 

Among their chief objectives was tearing up the old corporatist social 
contract in which the benefits of growth were shared with workers, farmers 
and small-business people through an elaborate set of institutions connected 
to the PRI.

NAFTA provided no social contract. It offered neither aid for Mexico nor
labor, health or environmental standards. Corporate investors were protected,
everyone else was on his or her own

NAFTA is the nation-building template imposed on developing countries by recent
corporate-dominated U.S. administrations and their client international finance
agencies. It is the model for the proposed Free Trade Agreement of the Americas

Americans' own understanding of NAFTA's impact on the Mexican people is 
obscured in part by the gap between what Mexican elites tell U.S. elites and 
what Mexicans tell one another.

NAFTA's critics did not doubt that it would stimulate more trade; but they rightly
predicted any benefits would go largely to the rich while the middle class and the
poor would pay the costs, and that the promised growth would not materialize.

B. NAFTA is not the cause of all Mexico's economic troubles, but it has clearly 
made them worse. Since NAFTA's inception in 1994 -- indeed, for the 20 years of 
neo liberal "reform" the Mexican middle class has shrunk and the number of poor 
has expanded.

C. During his 2000 campaign, Mexican President Vicente Fox promised that under 
his six-year term the country would grow 7 percent per year. Two and a half 
years after his inauguration, growth has averaged less than 1 percent.

The northward migration continues. Between the U.S. censuses of 1990 and 2000, number 
of Mexican-born residents in the United States increased by more than 80%.

Some half-million Mexicans come to the United States every year; roughly 60% of 
them are undocumented.

D. Behind the laissez-faire rhetoric, Mexico's neoliberals were pursuing a large
scale program of government social engineering aimed at forcing Mexico's rural 
population off the land and into the cities, where it could provide cheap labor 
for foreign investment that the new open economy would attract.

The PRI reformers did not, they intended to depopulate rural Mexico. After the 
treaty was signed, reformers pulled the rug out from under the rural peasantry. Funding 
for farm programs dropped from $2 billion in 1994 to $500 million by 2000. 

E. Meanwhile, the U.S. Congress massively increased subsidies for corn, wheat, 
livestock, dairy products and other farm products exported to Mexico. American 
farmers now receive 7.5 to 12 times more in government help than Mexican farmers 
do, a "comparative advantage" enabled U.S. agribusiness to blow thousands of 
Mexican farmers out of their own markets.

When displaced farmers arrived in nearby cities, few jobs were waiting. NAFTA
concentrated growth along Mexico's northern border, where factories processed 
and assembled goods for the then-booming U.S. consumer market. Between 1994 and 
2000, urban employment doubled while it stagnated in rest of the country.

F. Neoliberalism was supposed to reduce the income gap between Mexico's rich 
border states and the poorer ones in the country's middle and south. It did not.

In the depressingly familiar pattern of privatization the world over -- the PRI
reformers sold off the banks to friends, then bailed out the new owners when 
the peso collapsed a year after NAFTA was passed. 

Made whole with more than $60 billion of the taxpayers' money, crony capitalists 
resold their banks at a handsome markup to foreign investors. For example, an
investment group bought Mexico's 2nd largest commercial bank for $3.2 billion 
and sold it to CitiGroup for $12.5 billion. The global bankers were more interested 
in taking deposits and making high-interest-rate consumer loans than in developing 
Mexico's internal economy. 

Meanwhile, its booming investment in the exporting sweatshops of the north created 
a social and ecological nightmare. Rural migrants overwhelmed already inadequate
housing, health and public-safety infrastructures, spreading shantytowns, pollution
and crime.

G. The same global corporate coalition that forced NAFTA through Congress also 
successfully lobbied the United States to sponsor China's full entry into the 
World Trade Organization (WTO), paving the way for a huge increase in Chinese 
exports to the United States. 

This led to an estimated 200,000 maquiladora jobs have left Mexico for China, where 
workers can be had for one-eighth the Mexican wages in the last two years.

In a deregulated world, there is always someone who will work for less. 

Hope NAFTA would enable Mexico to export its way to prosperity has largely vanished.

H. The Mexican government, aided by U.S. foundations; nongovernmental organizations,
is attempting to channel migrant remittances into quasi-governmental credit unions that
would provide capital to businesses and local governments. But migrants send money for
immediate consumption to maintain living standards of parents, grandparents and children
in a depressed domestic economy. 

But, it is an odd notion of economic development that rests on the meager savings of 
low-wage Mexican workers in America while wealthy Mexicans regularly ship their 
capital to New York, London and Zurich.

In fact, Mexico's oligarchs public focus on the condition of Mexican workers in the 
United States has the great virtue of diverting political attention from the condition
of Mexican workers in Mexico.

I. As in many developing countries, the largest part of Mexico's economic problem lies 
not in restricted export markets but in the stifling maldistribution of wealth and
power that restricts internal growth.

The gap between Mexico's rich and poor is among the worst in the Western Hemisphere,
and the rich hardly pay any taxes.

J. The testimony of hundreds of thousands of Mexican workers that each year making 
the hard and dangerous trip north is evidence that, after two decades, the model is 
not working in  Mexico. If it is not working there, it is unlikely to work anywhere.


IN SUMMARY:  Here we are, having to address a problem neither the United States or 
Mexico should not have had. Neither country's "ruling class" cared about workers, 
they were pawns to advance their own desires.

To the Mexican govt. its workers were expendable as its farming industry could not 
sustain them, and portable as these farmers had no choice but to move north, and 
further to the United States.

To the United States, the welcome mat was placed so all could see, the invasion of 
foreign labor was needed so our farm industry would have the low cost labor to meet 
the demand thanks to taxpayer subsidies.

What occurred on both sides of the border was not just circumstance, rather it was 
orchestrated, to advance globalization, structured govt. public private partnerships
where workers are societal "tools" to be used or discarded.

At some point a serious postmortem will be written which will take readers behind 
the curtain to see how things are done and destroy the myth the people we entrust 
our nation's governance work in our best interests.

Please add feedback in comments section below, or email ajbruno14@gmail.com "Point of View" blog http://ajbruno14.blogspot.com/

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